Carbureter.



- s. VL-BAPP.

cmnunn'rnn. APPLIOATIOI FILED IA]. 9, 1908. h v 938 94 Patented Nov. 2,1909.

V 4 as 34 4 WUIICSSCS Inventor Attorney.

SAMUEL W. RATP, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

CARBU'RETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2, 1909.

Application filed January 9, 1908. Serial No. 409,952

T all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, SAMUEL WESLEY RAPP,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county ofWayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Carbureters, of

I section, the arm 8 and sleeve 28 being omitted, and showing a part ofthe valve broken away. Fig. 4 is a detail view in section of certainparts.

My invention is more particularly adapted for use with automobiles orother analogous vehicles, although I do not limit myself thereto, as thecarbureter is equally adapted for use with a gasolene engine for varioususes. P p

In carrying out my invention as illustrated in the drawings submittedherewith, the numeral 1 denotes an exterior case form ing a floatchamber 2 therewithin, in which is located a float 3 provided with acentral orifice indicated at 4.

The numeral 5 indicates an interior case or wall formin therewithin anair chamber 6. The case a so is constructed to form a mixing chamber 7.ithin the air chamber is a stationary standard 8 provided with a channel9 controlled by a suitable valve 10, the upper end of the arm beingformed with a head 11 having, preferably, a cup shaped recess 12 uponthe upper surface thereof, the channel 9 preferably communicatingthrough the head into said cup shaped recess through multiple channels13 in order to distribute the hydrocarbon into said cup, or cup shapedrecess. The float chamber communicates with the channel 9 of said arm orstem through channels 14, the communication of the channels 14 with thechannel 9 being governed by the valve 10, preferably a needle valve. Thehydrocarbon, as gasolene, is admitted into the float chamber through achannel 15 governed by-a valve 16, preferably a needle valve, actuatedby,

the float. To this end the stem 17 of the valve is shown passed throughthe float and is engaged at its upper end with an evener 18 fulcrumed at19 upon a suitable bracket 20, shown depending from the upper portion ofthe case. The stem 17 of the valve has a jointed engagement with theevener as indicated at 21, the opposite end of the evener beingjointedly connected, as indicated at 22, with a stem or rod 23 adaptedto be contacted by the float at its lower end. The upper end of the rod23 passes through a cap 24, preferably having a threaded engagement withthe case as indicated at 25, Fig. 4, so that the cap may be adjusted,theupper end of the rod 23 being provided with a spring 26, the tensionof which may be governed by the adjustment of the cap 24.

,It' will be evident that the adjustment of.

the cap 24 and the point at which the float may come in contact with therod may be governed from the exterior without having to remove the capor cover of the carbureter. This construction, it will be seen, makesthe means of adjustment very accessible, and avoids all liability of thecarbureteroverflowing, the means of adjustment being accessible at anytime whether on the road or ofi? the road, without removing any parts ofthe carbureter or otherwise changing any of the mechanism.

About the lower end of the arm or standard 9 is located a sleeve 28, andabout the lower end' of the sleeve, and resting upon the base of the airchamber, is a valve 29, shown in detail in Fig. 3, rovided with multipleopenings 30 communicable through openings 31 in the base of the airchamber for the I admission of air into the air chamber. The

valve 29 is provided with an upwardly ex-v spring 33 is engaged aboutthe sleeve 28 and the sleeve 32, its tension being exerted'upon thesleeve 28 and valve 29. The air chamber is communicable with the mixingchamber about the periphery of the head 11. A valve 34 is arranged toseat upon the upper edge munication of the hydrocarbon from the cup intothe mixing chamber. The valve 34 is provided with a stem extendedthrough the case of the carbureter as shown, andis provided witha-spring 36. lVithin the upper portion of the case is a throttle valve37 to control the passage of the mixture to the engine, as through anarm 38. A throttle lever 39 is engaged with the throttle valve, saidvalve provided with an extension 40 with which the throttle lever has arigid engagement. Within the tubular extension 40 of the throttle valveis a sleeve 41 having a loosely threaded en agement in the tubular endof the thrott e valve, an adjusting nut 42 being engaged upon the upperend of the sleeve 41 to ermit of the a justment of the spring 36 rom theexterior of the carbureter. An additional air valve 43 seats on theunder side of a diaphragm 44 through which diaphragm,'as through anopening 45,

an additional supply of air may be admitted into the mixing chamber, asthrou h an auxiliary air channel 46, the valve 43 eing provided with astem 47 extended into achanneled arm 48 having a threaded enga ementinto the case and provided with an ad usting nut or nuts indicated at49. A spring 50 surrounds the upper portion of the stem 47, itstensionbeing capable of adjustment by the adjustment of the channeledarm 48 in the case. The valve 34 is automatically regulated by thespring upon the stem, said spring exerting its tension upon the sleeve41 and upon the valve 34. This construc tion prevents danger of backfiring, or the blowing out of the charge through the carbureter.

It will readily be seen that the hydrocarbon passes from the floatchamber to the cup in the head 11, the communication of the hydrocarboninto'the cup being governed by the valve 10, while at the same time airenters into the air chamber and thence into the mixing chamber. When theengine is working, suction lifts the valve34 and allows the hydrocarbonto flow into the cup or perforated head 11. When the valve 34 is lifted,there is created a suction on the air valve 29, allowing the air to assby the head 11 into the mixing cham r, the air from the air chamberpassing about the periphery of the said head into the mixln chamber. Ifthe engine works hard an needs more air, an increased su ply of air willbe admitted throu h the va ve 43, said valve being'drawn ofi om its seatby suction. The tension of the sprin' 36 upon the sleeve 41 revents thesleeve rom turning with the t rottle valve, while at the same time thesleeve works through its threaded engagement with the throttle to raiseor. lower the sleeve in the extended arm of the throttle. When thethrottle is thrown wide open, the tension on the spring 36 willobviously be weakened, allowing more of the mixture to pass to theengine. When the throttle is closed, the tenslon will become stron ercorrespondingly cutting off the supply of the mixture to the engine.throttle is open, the sleeve 41 rises, diminishing tension on the spring36. Two adjusting nuts 51 are shown threaded upon the lower end of thesleeve 28 to adjust the tension on the spring 33, the valve 29 beingthus an adjustable air valve, the valve 29 slipping. up and down on thesleeve 28, the sleeve 28 being maintained in position by the spring 33.1

As already described, the tendency of the suction is to raise the valve29 to let in more air. By the suction also upon the valve 34 it islifted to allow the hydrocarbon to flow into the cup of the head 11.When the air valve 29 is lifted, air is allowed to pass to the mixingchamber, as already described, and if not enough air is admitted throughthe air chamber into the mixing chamber, the valve 43 is also opened bysuction to admit more air. It will be evident that when the floatactuates the valve 16, said valve may close, the float striking the rodor stem 23. As the turning of the throttle lever turns the sleeve 41,the tension of the spring 36 is readily regulated thereby. The cap 24When the I is sleeved upon a tubular extension of the f case.

It will be evident that the tension of the spring 26 will govern theupward movement of the float. The base of thewall 5-is provided with aninwardly turned flange 52 upon which the periphery of the valve 29seats, the channels 14 being formed in the web 53, the lower end of thewall 5 being opened on each side of the web within the inner peripheryof the flange 52.

It Wlll be seen that in applicants construction the suction valve 34 ispreferably 'fuel will feed from the tank to the car- .bureter by gravitypressure, or instead thereof air pressure may be applied to the fueltank to force thefuel into the carburetor. It will be seen that sincethe stem 17 of the valve 16 and the rod 23 have a jointed connectionwith the evener 18, the valve will be closed when the evener is inhorizontal position, and the end of. the evener connected with the rodmust be depressed and the rod lowered in order to open the valve. The

tension of the spring upon the rod 23 will so -'depress the end of theevenerand open the valve whenever the engine consumes enough fuel fromthe float chamber to lower its level and cause the float to fall. Inother words, the spring tension upon the rod will force the samedownward with the float in proportion to the lowering of the fuel levelthereby opening the valve and the inflow of fuel will continue until thelevel in the chamber is raised sufficiently to raise the float againstthe tension of said spring and again close the valve. It 'is evidentthat there are opposing pressures exerted upon the float, the springpressure of the rod 23 and the pressure of the fuel entering the floatchamber, while at the same time the Weight of the float exerts apressure against the inflowing fuel. The greater the tension of thespring the greater the resistance to the lifting of the float and thegreater must be the volume of liquid displaced by the float before theliquid will raise the float and close the valve. Therefore the greaterthe tension of the spring the higher the level of the fuel will go inthe chamber before it will exert a lifting force great enough toovercome the weight of the float and the tension 'of' the spring. Thefuel correspondingly rises in the channeled standard 8, the only exitfor the fuel from the float chamber being up within said standard and itwill be seen that the tension of the spring may be so adjusted that thefuel will rise high enough within said standard to form a priming chargein the recess 12. The channeled standard" may evidently be of anydesired height.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A carbureter comprising a float chamber, a float therewithin, an airchamber within the heat chamber,- communicable with the exterior of thecarbureter, a mixing chamber communicable with the air chamber, achanneled standard within the air chamber through which the mixingchamber communicates with the float chamber, valve mechanism actuated bysaid float to control the admission of fuel to the float chamber, avalve at the base of the air chamber to control the admission of fuelfrom the float chamber to the mixing chamber, a suction actuated airvalve encircling said-standard and movable lengthwise of i saidistandardto control the admission of air into the air chamber, a suction actuatedhydrocarbon valve at the baseof the mixing chainberto further controlthe admission of hydrocarbon into 'the mixing chamber,

oo r 't hrottle mechanism to control the exit from her, an air chambercommunicable with the exterior of the carbureter, a mixing chambercommunicable with the float chamber and with the air chamber, a floatactuated valve to control the admissionvof fuel to the float chamber, asuction actuated valve to control the admission of air into the airchamber, a suction actuated hydrocarbon valve to control the admissionof hydrocarbon into the mixing chamber, throttle mechanism to controlthe exit from the mixing chamber, a spring exerting its tension upon thehydrocarbon valve, and means to govern the tension of said spring.

3. A carbureter comprising afloat chamber, anairchamber communicablewith the exterior of the carbureter, a mixing chamber communicable withthe float chamber and with the air chamber, a float actuated valve tocontrol the admission of fuel to the float chamber, a suction actuatedvalve to control the admission of air into the air chamber, a suctionactuated hydrocarbon valve to control the admission of hydrocarbon intothe mixing chamber, throttle mechanism to control the exit from themixing chamber, and a spring exerting its tension upon the hydrocarbonvalve, said throttle mechanism comprising means to govern the tension ofsaid exterior of the carbureter, a mixing chamber, a channeled armextending through the air chamber communicable with the mixing chamberand with the float chamber, a suction actuated hydrocarbon valve tocontrol the communication of the channeled arm into the mixing chamber,a float actuated valve to control the admission of fuel to the floatchamber, a suction actuated air valve provided with atubular stem tocontrol the admission of air into the air chamber, a sleeve-upon saidarmhaving a reciprocatory engagement with the tubular stem of the airvalve, and a spring exerting its tension upon said sleeve and upon theair valve, said sleeve provided with means to govern the tension of thespring.

5. A carbureter comprising afloat chamber, an air chamber within thefloat chamber communicable with the exterior of the carbureter, a mixingchamber communicable with the air chamber, a channeled standard locatedin the air chamber communicable with the mixing chamber and with thefloat chamber, a valve to control the communica- I -munication of thechanneled standard into the" mixing chamber, and a-suction actuated Iair valve atthe base of the air chamber encirclin said standard tocontrol the admission of air into the air chamber, said standardconstructed with a head providedwitli a cup-shaped recess upon the upperend thereof into which the hydrocarbon is admitted by the action of thesaid hydrocarbon valve, said hydrocarbon valve seating upon the upperend of said head above the base of said recess.

6. -A carbureter comprising a float chamber, an air chamber within thefloat chamber communicable with the exterior of the carbureter, a mixinv chamber communicable with the air cham r, a channeled standard locatedin the air chamber communicable I with the mixing chamber and with thefloat chamber, a valve to control the communica tion of the floatchamber with the mixing chamber, float actuated valve mechanism tocontrol the admission of fuel to the float chamber, a vertically movablesuction actuated hydrocarbon valve to control the communication of thechanneled standard into the mixing chamber, and a suction actuated airvalve at the base of the air chamber encircling said standard to controlthe admission of air into the air chamber, said standard constructedwith a head provided with a cup shaped recess upon the upper end thereofinto which the hydrocarbon is admitted by the action of the saidhydrocarbon valve, said hydrocarbon valve seating upon the upper end ofsaid head above the base of said recess, throttle mechanism to controlthe exit from the mixing chamber, an auxiliary air channel leading intothe mixing chamber, and an additional suction actuated air valve toadmit an increased supply of air through said auxiliary .air channelinto the mixing chamber.

7. A carbureter comprising a float chamber, an air chamber communicablewith the exterior of the carbureter, a mixing chamber communicable withthe air chamber, a channeled standard located in the air chambercommunicable with the mixing chamber and with the float chamber, floatactuated valve mechanism to .control the admission of fuel to the floatchamber, a suction actuated hydrocarbon valve to control the com--munication of the channeled standard into the mixing chamber, and asuction actuated air valve encirclin said standard and movablelengthwise 0 said standard to control the admlssion of air into the airchamber, said standard constructed with a cup shaped recess upon theupper end thereof into which the hydrocarbon is admitted, saidhydrocarbon valve seating upon the upper edge of said standard andspaced from the base of.

said recess, said channeled standard provided with plural channels intosaid recess. 8. A carburetor comprising an inclosing case, a floatchamber within said case to re ceive the fuel, an air chamber within thefloat chamber communicable with the atmosphere, means to controlthecommunication of the air chamber with the atmosphere, amixingcha'mber communicable with the air chamber and with the floatchamber, means at thebase ofthe air-chamber to control the communicationof the mixing chamber 'with the float chamber, a suction actuatedhydrocarbon valve to further control the admlssion of fuel into themixing chamber,

throttle mechanism to control the exit from] the mixing chamber, afloat-actuated valve e to control the admission of fuel to the floatchamber provided with a valve stem, an evener pivoted intermediate its.ends and adapted to be turned on its pivot by the y i I movement, ofthe floatand connected at one end with the stem of the float. actuatedvalve to actuate said valve, a rod connected with the opposite end ofthe evener extending through the case of the float chamber, a springupon said rod, and an adjustable cap upon said case to govern thetension of said spring. g

9. A carbureter comprising a float chamber, a float within said chamber,an air chamber within the float chamber communicable with the exteriorof the carbureter, a mixing chamber communicable with the air chamber, achanneled standard within the air chamber through which the mixingvchamber communicates with the float chamber, a cuppedhead on the upperend of said standard formed with a plurality of channels leading fromthe channel in the standard into the bottom of the cup near itsperiphery, a valve actuatedv by said float to control the admission of.fuel to the :float chamber, a spring to 'exert a pressure upon saidfloat, means for adjusting the tension" of said spring, an adjustablesleeve upon said standard, a suction actuated air valve to control theadmission of air intothe air chamber, a spring between said air valve,

and sleeve, a suction actuated hydrocar-i bon valve seated upon thecupped upper end of the standard to further. control the ad- 1 missionof hydrocarbon-into the mixin a chamber, andthrottle mechanism to controexit from the mixing chamber.

10. A carbureter. comprising afloat chamber, an air chamber communicablewith the exterior of-Ithe carbureter, a mixing chamber communicable withthe float chamber and with the air chamber, a float actuated valvetocontrolthe admission of fuel tothe float chamber, a valve at the base-0f the air chamber to control the admission of fuel from the floatchamber to the mixing chamber, a suction actuated valve to control theadmission of air into the air chamber, a suction actuated valve at thebase of the chamber to further control the admission of and a sprin uponsaid red the tension of 10' hydrocarbon into the mixin chamber,throtsaid spring eing adjusted by said cap.

tle mechanism to control t e exit from the In testimony whereof I havesigned this mixing chamber, an evener connected at one specification inpresence of two witnesses' end with the stem of the float actuatedvalve,

a rod connected with the opposite end of the SAMUEL RAP? evener.extending through the case of the Witnesses: float chamber, a cap havinga threaded en- N. S. WRIGHT,

gagement with the case to adjust said rod, G. E. MCGRANN.

